The first project in Russia, where energy efficiency, healthy indoor climate and care for the environment are not in conflict, but are a single integrated system, consisting of complementary elements. The house was built in the Moscow region.
 

The active house in Russia

• Gross area: 305m2
• Net area:  234m2 (heated area-in the energy analysis the area 238m2 will be used)
• Net total volume: 894m3
• Gross total volume: 1305m3
• Ext opening area: 104m2

Heating

Delivery efficiency was set as 1. Energy consumption of pumps was assumed as 100W whenever heating works.

The set point equalled 21°C between 7-21 and 18.5°C for the rest of the time with the bandwidth of 2K.

The temperature in the room was regulated with the help of proportional temperature controller with respectively 30 and 45°C as a min and max control signal.

Ventilation

1. Temperature control/Hybrid ventilation. The switching on the particular system depends on the indoor temperature. The idea is to supply fresh air mechanically in the colder periods and to open windows in the warmer periods. However during the very warm days opening the windows is not a sufficient solution to keep the temperature on the certain level. Then the mechanical cooling is required.

• Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery with lowest possible air change rate to guarantee indoor air quality and low energy consumption
• Natural ventilation, if no additional heating required (no heat recovery) to guarantee air quality and if necessary to cool with outside air
• Cooling with mechanical ventilation, if natural ventilation with outside air cannot provide required cooling

CO2 control

It occurred that air flows rate assumed at the primary stage were not sufficient to keep the CO2 concentration in the occupied zones at the level <750 ppm.

It was assumed that ventilation delivers increased amount of air if the CO2 is higher than 750ppm. The air flows can be found in Appendix 3 – Air flows

Heat recovery

Ventilation heat recovery return temperature was set to 20°C and heat recovery efficiency to 90%

Cooling

A passive cooling system consists of solar shadings and openable windows. An active cooling system encompasses a system of underfloor-cooling.

Hot water

Efficiency of the hot water system was set to 95%. Heat losses from a storage tank were not taken into account (super insulated tank without heat losses). The hot water temperature was set as a minimum allowable level 50°C.

Our company developed a working draft of the internal systems engineer.